Endometrioma (Chocolate Cyst)
General Information
Endometrioma Treatment
- Medication
- Surgical Method
Endometrioma (Chocolate Cyst)
• The tissue lining the uterus, called the endometrium, settles in the ovaries, causing ovarian cysts to form. Because bleeding occurs within the chocolate cysts during each menstrual period, these cysts continue to grow each year, causing symptoms such as severe abdominal and groin pain. If chocolate cysts grow, they can both disrupt ovulation and lead to infertility, and can also cause severe abdominal adhesions.
In young women and women of childbearing age who are unable to conceive for extended periods and who experience painful menstrual periods, the possibility of a chocolate cyst should be considered. Chocolate cysts can occur in a single ovary, or sometimes in both ovaries simultaneously. They can be easily diagnosed with an ultrasound.
Endometrioma (Çikolata Kisti) Tedavisi
Drug Therapy:
Treatment is with Dienogest, Norethindrone Acetate, and GnRH analogs. However , these medications cannot eliminate or eliminate chocolate cysts. However, they prevent their growth and even cause them to shrink somewhat. In some patients, these cysts can grow despite drug treatment. In these cases, chocolate cysts must be surgically removed because, as they grow, they prevent ovulation, reduce egg reserve, and can even lead to premature menopause if both ovaries are swollen simultaneously.
• Chocolate cysts larger than 4-5 cm in diameter are surgically removed. However, if they are smaller, surgery is not necessary.
Surgical Method
• Cysts larger than 4-5 cm in diameter are removed. Surgery is not recommended for small chocolate cysts. These should be treated with medication.
• The surgery should be performed by open surgery or laparoscopy (closed surgery).
• Whether chocolate cysts are removed by open surgery or laparoscopy, the most important goal of a gynecologist should be to protect the ovaries and not to damage them.
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